"A Sketch of the Past" is divided into two parts. The first part, "A Sketch of the Past," covers Woolf's childhood and early life experiences, while the second part, "Notes for a Sketch of the Past," provides additional reflections and commentary.

"A Sketch of the Past" is a significant work in Woolf's oeuvre, providing a unique insight into her life experiences and artistic development. The essay has been widely praised for its lyrical prose, introspective candor, and nuanced exploration of memory and identity.

The essay begins with Woolf's memories of her childhood home, 22 Hyde Park Gate, London. She describes her family, including her parents, her siblings, and her half-brothers and sisters. Woolf portrays her father as a dominant and intimidating figure, while her mother is depicted as kind and nurturing.

Woolf then recounts her early education, which was marked by periods of illness and convalescence. She describes her love of reading and writing, which became a source of comfort and escape. She also discusses her relationships with her siblings, particularly her sister Vanessa, with whom she shared a close bond.